1. 简介
百度AI开放平台提供了多种人工智能应用程序接口（API），它们基于百度在语音、图像、自然语言处理领域持续进行的深度学习研究和实践，帮助开发者轻松、快捷地实现AI功能。本文将介绍百度AI的一些主要接口及其在Golang开发中的应用。
2. 百度语音接口
2.1 语音合成接口
语音合成接口可以将文字转换成自然语音，适用于寄件、叮咛、语音导航、有声读物等场景。
以下是Golang语言实现调用语音合成REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"os"
"strings"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
text := "欢迎使用百度语音"
speechUrl := "http://tsn.baidu.com/text2audio"
params := url.Values{}
params.Set("tex", text)
params.Set("lan", "zh")
params.Set("tok", accessToken)
params.Set("ctp", "1")
params.Set("cuid", "mypc")
params.Set("spd", "5")
params.Set("pit", "5")
params.Set("vol", "5")
params.Set("per", "4")
url := speechUrl + "?" + params.Encode()
resp, _ = http.Get(url)
defer resp.Body.Close()
data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
f, _ := os.Create("speech.mp3")
defer f.Close()
_, _ = f.Write(data)
}
该接口特别适合智能音箱、机器人、语音输入法、自动语音应答等领域。
2.2 语音识别接口
语音识别接口可以将音频流转换成文本，支持中英文流畅转换，具备极强的噪音适应性，适用于智能客服、智能家居等领域。
以下是Golang语言实现调用语音识别REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"bytes"
"crypto/md5"
"encoding/base64"
"encoding/hex"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strconv"
"strings"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
audioFile := "audio/16k.pcm"
f, _ := os.Open(audioFile)
defer f.Close()
data, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(f)
speechUrl := "http://vop.baidu.com/server_api"
params := make(map[string]interface{})
params["format"] = "pcm"
params["rate"] = 16000
params["dev_pid"] = 1536
params["channel"] = "1"
params["speech"] = base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(data)
params["len"] = len(data)
datas, _ := json.Marshal(params)
body = bytes.NewBuffer(datas)
req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", speechUrl, body)
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Content-Length", strconv.Itoa(len(string(datas))))
req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
req.Header.Set("User-Agent", "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36")
client := &http.Client{}
resp, _ = client.Do(req)
defer resp.Body.Close()
ret, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(ret))
}
3. 百度图像接口
3.1 图像识别接口
图像识别接口可以识别图片中的物体、场景、文字等信息，并结合用户行为、兴趣和历史，更好地为用户提供合适的服务和推荐。适用于智能家居、智能广告、智能营销等领域。
以下是Golang语言实现调用图像识别REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"encoding/base64"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://openapi.baidu.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
imgUrl := "http://a0.att.hudong.com/05/12/01300535031911141576123804961.jpg"
params := url.Values{}
params.Set("image", imgUrl)
params.Set("url", imgUrl)
params.Set("detect_direction", "true")
imgUrl = "http://a0.att.hudong.com/05/12/01300535031911141576123804961.jpg"
imgRes, _ := http.Get(imgUrl)
defer imgRes.Body.Close()
reader, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(imgRes.Body)
params.Set("image", base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(reader))
url := "https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/image-classify/v1/object_detect"
req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", url, strings.NewReader(params.Encode()))
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
client := &http.Client{}
resp, _ = client.Do(req)
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ = ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
3.2 图像搜索接口
图像搜索接口可以通过输入图片，进行相似图片检索，适用于电商、拍照搜索等场景。
以下是Golang语言实现调用图像搜索REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/base64"
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"os"
"strings"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
imgUrl := "http://a0.att.hudong.com/05/12/01300535031911141576123804961.jpg"
imgRes, _ := http.Get(imgUrl)
defer imgRes.Body.Close()
reader := bufio.NewReader(imgRes.Body)
content, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(reader)
params := map[string]string{
"tags": "100,10",
"tag_logic": "1",
"detection_types": "basic_classify",
}
imageBase64 := base64.URLEncoding.EncodeToString(content)
params["image"] = imageBase64
url := "https://aip.baidubce.com/rest/2.0/image-classify/v1/realtime_search/similar/search"
parambytes, _ := json.Marshal(params)
body := strings.NewReader(string(parambytes))
req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", url, body)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
client := &http.Client{}
resp, err := client.Do(req)
if err != nil {
fmt.Println(err)
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
response, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(response))
}
4. 百度自然语言处理接口
4.1 意图识别接口
意图识别接口可以通过输入的自然语言文本，识别用户意图，匹配业务场景，从而提供定制化的服务和回答。
以下是Golang语言实现调用意图识别REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"encoding/json"
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
"strings"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
uri := "https://aip.baidubce.com/rpc/2.0/nlp/v1/lexer"
reqBody := fmt.Sprintf(`{
"text": "我的体温是36度5",
"mode":1
}`)
priceReq, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, uri, strings.NewReader(reqBody))
priceReq.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
priceReq.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
httpClient := &http.Client{}
resp, err := httpClient.Do(priceReq)
if err != nil {
return
}
defer resp.Body.Close()
if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
return
}
cont, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
if err != nil {
return
}
fmt.Println(string(cont))
}
4.2 情感分析接口
情感分析接口可以对文字进行情感色彩分析，自动判断情感极性和情感倾向，并计算得分，适用于舆情监测、协同办公等领域。
以下是Golang语言实现调用情感分析REST API的示例代码：
package main
import (
"fmt"
"io/ioutil"
"net/http"
"net/url"
)
func main() {
tokenUrl := "https://aip.baidubce.com/oauth/2.0/token"
granType := "client_credentials"
apiKey := "你的ApiKey"
secretKey := "你的SecretKey"
// 获取AccessToken
resp, _ := http.PostForm(tokenUrl,
url.Values{
"grant_type": {granType},
"client_id": {apiKey},
"client_secret": {secretKey},
})
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
tokenJson := make(map[string]interface{})
_ = json.Unmarshal([]byte(body), &tokenJson)
accessToken := tokenJson["access_token"].(string)
// 调用情感分析接口
url := "https://aip.baidubce.com/rpc/2.0/nlp/v1/sentiment_classify"
postData := `{
"text": "这个酒店房间很干净，服务也很好。"
}`
req, _ := http.NewRequest("POST", url, strings.NewReader(postData))
req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+accessToken)
client := &http.Client{}
resp, _ = client.Do(req)
defer resp.Body.Close()
body, _ = ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
fmt.Println(string(body))
}
5. 总结
Golang作为一门新兴的编程语言，能够在人工智能中具有广泛的应用。本文介绍的百度AI开放平台的接口示例基于REST API和JSON格式，让开发者能够通过简单的HTTP请求发挥百度强大的AI能力，具备广泛的应用场景和开发价值。